Increase
Decrease
Increase to 7 and then decrease
Decrease to 7 and then increase
- An acid is a substance that has a pH lower than 7. For example, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, citric acid, ethanoic acid (vinegar).
- A base is a substance that neutralises an acid – those that dissolve in water are called alkalis.
- An alkali is a soluble substance with a pH higher than 7. For example, sodium hydroxide (used to make soap), potassium hydroxide, oven cleaner, toothpaste, shampoo.
- As alkali is added to an acidic solution, the pH of the solution will increase.
- When an alkali is added to an acid, a chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of a new substance. If you combine the correct amounts of acid and alkali, you will get a neutral solution. Antacids, for example, contain alkalis, which help to increase the pH and restore the proper balance.
The pH Scale: The pH of a solution depends on the strength of the acid: strong acids have lower pH values (pH 1-3) than weak acids. Neutral solutions have a pH of 7. For example, pure water.
Also check:
- Which one of the following is an alkali? (CSS 2011 General Science & Ability Paper)
- All Alkali metals react with water to form? (CSS 2014 General Science & Ability Paper)
- H+ is yielded by?(CSS 2019 General Science & Ability Paper)
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