Calcutta and Delhi
Calcutta and Madras
Delhi and Lucknow
Bombay and Madras
The Government of India Act of 1858 made considerable reforms to English-style governance, but it had little impact on the Indian system of government. After the 1857 Mutiny, it was widely believed in England that it would be virtually impossible to form a government in India without Indian involvement in the administration. The legislative process was centralized by the Charter Act of 1833. It failed to pass legislation that was suited to the requirements of the populace since it had just one representative in each of the four provinces. Due to drawn-out processes that delayed enactment, the Governor General in Council was failing in his legislative duties and unable to perform efficiently.
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 was institutionalized to serve the necessity of cooperation of Indians in the administration of the country. The Act restored the powers of the Government and the composition of the Governor-General’s council for executive and legislative purposes. It was the first instance in which the portfolio system was incorporated into the Council of the Governor-General. The Indian Councils Act of 1861 transformed the Viceroy’s Executive Council into a miniature cabinet run on the portfolio system. Each of the five ordinary members was placed in charge of a distinct department of the Government of Calcutta—home, revenue, military, finance, and law.
FEATURES OF THE INDIAN COUNCIL ACT, 1861:
- This legislation, which restored the legislative authority of the Bombay and Madras presidencies, initiated the trend of decentralization. As a result, the centralizing tendencies that began with the Regulating Act of 1773 and culminated with the Charter Act of 1833 were reversed. This legislative devolution strategy ultimately led to the granting of virtually complete internal autonomy to the provinces in 1937.
- The inclusion of Indians in the legislative process marked a new beginning for representative institutions. It allowed for the Viceroy’s nomination of a few Indians to his expanded council. Three Indians were eventually included in this 1862 Legislative Council: Sir Dinkar Rao, the Maharaja of Patiala, and the Raja of Benaras.
- A measure could not be passed without the Governor-General’s consent if it dealt with governmental finances or debt, the armed forces, religion, or foreign relations. The Viceroy had the power to overrule the council if necessary. The Governor-General could also promulgate ordinances during emergencies without the council’s consent.
- The creation of legislative councils for Punjab, the North-West Frontier Province, and Bengal was envisaged. It granted the Viceroy the authority to issue rules and ordinances to improve and facilitate the conduct of business in the council.
- It recognized the Portfolio System, which Lord Canning introduced in 1859. Under this system, a member of the Viceroy’s Council was assigned responsibility for one or more government departments and was given the authority to make final decisions on their behalf. It also granted the Viceroy the authority to enact ordinances without the approval of the Legislative Council in times of emergency. The law would be applicable for six months.
If you are interested in preparing for the CSS MPT and other FPSC, SPSC, and PPSC General Recruitment Tests with us, get in touch with us.
Related MCQs
- One kilowatt-hour (kWh) is a unit of? (CSS 2009 General Science & Ability Paper
- Power
- Time
- Energy
- Electric Current
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- After “pustuns” the largest – ethnic group in Afghanistan is? (CSS 2009 Current Affairs Paper)
- Uzbeks
- Hazaras
- Tajiks
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Which is the closest planet to earth? (CSS 2017 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Mars
- Venus
- Mercury
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- In winter an iron pipe feels colder than a wooden window. This is because wood is? (CSS 2010 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Conductor
- Non- conductor
- Semi- conductor
- Not a solid while iron is a solid
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Computers can? (CSS 2011 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Add and subtract information only
- Add, subtract and sort information only
- Add, subtract, sort and classify information
- Add and subtract but cannot sort information
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- For a fixed mass of gas at constant Temperature, if we decrease volume, the pressure Will? (CSS 2015 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Decrease
- Increase
- Constant
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Bond of H2O is? (CSS 2020 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Ionic
- Metallic
- Non-polar covalent
- Polar covalent
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Fidk Garden was bestowed to the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) as? (CSS 2013 Islamic Studies Paper)
- Fay
- Booty
- Gift
- Loan
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Which of the following is not a part of DNA? (CSS 2012 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Ribose
- Adenine
- Thymine
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The blue color of the Sky due to? (CSS 2021 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Reflection of light rays
- Refraction of light rays
- Scattering of light ray
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The ozone layer protects the Earth from rays sent down by the Sun? (CSS 2011 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Ultraviolet rays
- Infrared rays
- Gamma rays
- Radioactive rays
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The SYNONYM of the word \"RIGMAROLE\" is? (CSS 2013 English Precis & Composition Paper)
- Game
- Disorder
- Unnecessary
- Confused Talk
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Invention of Omar Khayyám? (CSS 2016 Islamic Studies Paper)
- Pin-Hole Camera
- Jalali calendar
- Chess
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Qadirabad Barrage is located on which river? (CSS 2019 Pakistan Affairs Paper)
- Ravi
- Sindh
- Chenab
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- What does RNA stand for? (CSS 2022 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Ribonucleic Acid
- Russian national assembly
- Red nitric acid
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- An area of microbiology that is concernedwith the occurrence of disease in human population is? (CSS 2013 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Immunology
- Parasitology
- Epidemiology
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Pakistan’s Supreme command of armed forces Is vested in whom? (CSS 2023 Pakistan Affairs Paper)
- President
- Prime Minister
- Army Chief
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The minimum number of narrators in Hadith consecutive (Mutawatir) is? (CSS 2020 Islamic Studies Paper)
- 2
- 3
- 4
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The total members of European Union are? (CSS 2022 Current Affairs Paper)
- 26 countries
- 27 countries
- 28 countries
- None of the above
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Who were the three statesmen who formulated Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)? (CSS 2009 Current Affairs Paper)
- Gandhi, Nasser, Tito
- Nehru, Nasser, Tito
- Chou-en-lai, Bhutto, Nehru
- Soe Karno, naseer, Tito
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- The first Muslim general entered victorious in The subcontinent in? (CSS 2020 Pakistan Affairs Paper)
- 612 AD
- 812 AD
- 712 AD
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- What is the pre-released software version? (CSS 2019 General Science & Ability Paper)
- Beta
- Alpha
- Gamma
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Shimla Deputation met with which Viceroy? (CSS 2017 Pakistan Affairs Paper)
- Lord Mountbatten
- Lord Minto
- Lord Curzon
- Lord Cunning
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- When the congress ministries resigned from their offices? (CSS 2010 Pakistan Affairs Paper)
- November 1937
- November1938
- November 1939
- None of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team
- Mention the religious book(s) of Buddism? (CSS 2011 Islamic Studies Paper)
- Weena pataka
- Sata pataka
- Abhi dhaman pataka
- All of these
Submitted by: CSS Exam Desk Team