Criminology (CSS 2016-2020)

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Section-I (Introduction, Understanding Criminology, Crime and Criminals, Crime and Criminality: Theoretical Perspectives)

1. Explain the nature and importance of Criminology in detail. (CSS 2016)
2. Define the term Crime and Criminals. Explain the types of criminals in detail. (CSS 2016)
3. Write a critical note on the increasing importance of criminology in Pakistan. Also discuss the historical development of criminology as a scientific discipline. (CSS 2017)
4. Enlist the criminological perspectives. Briefly describe the three criminological perspectives on the study of crime and criminal behaviour. (CSS 2017)
5. Define Criminology. Discuss the scope of criminology in Pakistan. (CSS 2018)
6. What is the Islamic perspective on crime and punishment? Explain your answer with the help of proper examples. (CSS 2018)
7. Travis Hirschi argued that crime results when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken. Discuss in detail what this theory of social bonding explains about crime. (CSS 2019)
8. Discuss the fundamental postulates of Edwin Sutherland’s ‘Differential Association theory’ with examples. (CSS 2019)
9. Travis Hirschi argued that crime results when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken. Discuss in detail what this theory of social bonding explains about crime. (2020)
10. Discuss the fundamental postulates of Edwin Sutherland’s ‘Differential Association theory’ with examples. (CSS 2020)

Section-II (Juvenile Delinquency, Juvenile Justice System, The Criminal Justice System, Punitive and Reformative Treatment of Criminals)

1. Write a note on Crime Control Agencies. (CSS 2016)
2. Define the term Probation. Discuss the conditions of probation. (CSS 2016)
3. Write a comprehensive note on the juvenile justice system of Pakistan. Suggest measures for the improvement of Juvenile justice system of Pakistan. (CSS 2017)
4. Write short notes on: (a) Causes of juvenile delinquency in Pakistan (b) Probation and parole What is juvenile delinquency? Explain the nature, extent and causes of juvenile delinquency in Pakistan. Suggest remedial measures for reducing juvenile delinquency in Pakistan. (CSS 2018)
5. Trace back the history and development of police organization in Pakistan. (CSS 2018)
6. Discuss some of the functions and responsibilities of Juvenile Justice System. Do you believe that Juvenile Justice has played its role in prevention of juvenile crimes in Pakistan? (CSS 2019)
7. How far recidivism has been limited by the institution of prison? Explain some of the modem strategies used in prison for the restoration and reintegration of criminals. (CSS 2019)
8. Discuss some of the functions and responsibilities of Juvenile Justice System. Do you believe that Juvenile Justice has played its role in prevention of juvenile crimes in Pakistan? (CSS 2020)
9. How far recidivism has been limited by the institution of prison? Explain some of the modern strategies used in prison for the restoration and reintegration of criminals. (CSS 2020)

Section-III (Criminal Investigation, Techniques of Investigations, Legal and Ethical Guidelines for Investigators, International Policing and Criminal Justice Monitoring Organizations)

1. Enlist and discuss the principles of criminal investigation. (CSS 2016).
2. Discuss in detail the “Interviewing and Interrogation Techniques” of investigation. (CSS 2016)
3. Write a comprehensive note on the principles of criminal investigation. Illustrate with examples from Pakistan. (CSS 2017)
4. Elaborate importance of legal and ethical guidelines for the criminal investigation of gender based crimes. Support your answer with examples from Pakistani society. (CSS 2017)
5. What is Criminal investigation? Explain the key principles of criminal investigation. (CSS 2018)
6. To what extent Interpol has been successful in reducing organized crime at international level. Discuss (CSS 2018)
7. Define and differentiate interviewing and interrogation techniques. How far human rights of criminals are being violated during the interrogation process? (CSS 2019)
8. How the forensic science is a helpful tool in the modern day for determining and detection of violent crimes? (CSS 2019)
9. Define and differentiate interviewing and interrogation techniques. How far human rights of criminals are being violated during the interrogation process? (CSS 2020)
10. How the forensic science is a helpful tool in the modern day for determining and detection of violent crimes? (CSS 2020)

Section-IV (Modern Concepts in Contemporary Criminology)

1. Write a detailed not on Cyber Crime. (CSS 2016)
2. Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) Money Laundering (b) White-collar crimes (c) Criminal Law (CSS 2016)
3. Write a critical note on the rule of law enforcement agencies in the control of terrorism in Pakistan. Suggest measures to minimize radicalization in Pakistan. (CSS 2017)
4. Write notes on: (a) Money-laundering in Pakistan (b) Gender and Crime (CSS 2017)
5. Intelligence-led policing has become an effective model of policing in tackling organized crime. Discuss the background and key principles of intelligence-led policing. (CSS 2018)
6. Discuss the laws and institutional arrangements for controlling money laundering in Pakistan. (CSS 2018)
7. Cyber crime is increasing at national and international levels. Suggest some measures to control this kind of crime. (CSS 2019)
8. How do violent crimes affect social fabric of Pakistani society? Discuss some of the modem policing strategies for prevention and control of the violent crimes in Pakistan. (CSS 2019)
9. Cyber- crime is increasing at national and international levels. Suggest some measures to control this kind of crime. (CSS 2020)
10. How do violent crimes affect social fabric of Pakistani society? Discuss some of the modern policing strategies for prevention and control of the violent crimes in Pakistan. (CSS 2020)