Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
Digestion, ingestion, absorption, elimination
Ingestion, absorption, elimination, digestion
Ingestion, absorption, elimination, digestion
Four stages of food processing in order: ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.
- The process of how your body obtains raw materials from food is called nutrition.
- The first is very familiar to you—eating. The act of eating or drinking is called ingestion.
- After food enters the body through ingestion, the next stage of food processing, digestion, begins. Digestion is the process of breaking food down into molecules small enough for the body to absorb. For example, polysaccharides such as the starch in the pizza crust are broken down into monosaccharides (simple sugars).
- Digestion occurs in two steps. Mechanical digestion (such as chewing) chops and grinds food into smaller pieces, increasing its surface area. This improves the effectiveness of the second step, chemical digestion. Chemical digestion breaks the chemical bonds within the large molecules that make up food, producing smaller building-block molecules. An example of chemical digestion is the action of acids and enzymes in your stomach.
- The last two stages of food processing occur after food is digested. In the third stage, absorption, certain cells take up (absorb) the small molecules. The circulatory system then transports the nutrients throughout the body. Finally, undigested material passes out of the body in the stage called elimination.
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