In asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
In asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Venus.
In asteroid belt between the orbits of Jupiter and Venus.
Everywhere in the sky
- Asteroids are remnants of planetary formation that failed to coalesce because of the gravitational interference of Jupiter. They circle the Sun in a zone lying between Mars and Jupiter. The circular chain of asteroids is called the asteroid belt. It lies between 2.3 and 3.3 AU from the Sun.
- Asteroids (planetoids ― another term for an asteroid) are composed mainly of refractory rocky and metallic minerals, with some ice. They range in size from hundreds of kilometres across to microscopic.
- Ceres (2.77 AU) is the largest asteroid (946 km in diameter), a protoplanet, and a dwarf planet. It has a mass large enough for its own gravity to pull it into a spherical shape. All asteroids, except Ceres, are classified as small Solar System bodies.
- Comets are icy frozen gases (water, ammonia, methane and carbon dioxide) which hold together small pieces of rocky and metallic minerals. They have highly elliptical orbits, unlike the planets which have near-circular orbits.
- Short-period comets, with an orbital period of a few hundred years, originate in the Kuiper belt. Longer period comets, with orbits of thousands of years, come from the more distant Oort Cloud.
- Oort cloud is a giant shell of icy bodies that encircle the solar system occupying space at a distance between 5,000 and 100,000 AU
- When passing close to the Sun, comets heat up due to the effects of the solar wind upon the nucleus and begins to outgas, displaying a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail.
- One of the larger comets is Halley’s Comet. The orbit of Halley’s Comet brings it close to the Earth every 76 years. It last visited in 1986.
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